Parameters that effect on seismic data
• The bulk modulus: is a measure of the compressibility of a body (e.g., rocks or fluids). It is the stress-strain ratio under simple hydrostatic pressure and measures the body’s propensity to change volume (it is sometimes called the “incompressibility”). • The shear modulus (“rigidity”): is the stress-strain ratio for simple shear and measures a body’s reluctance to change shape. It provides information about the rock matrix. • The shear modulus of a rock does not change when the fluid is changed. However, the bulk modulus changes significantly when the fluid changes. • the p-wave velocity of rock will change as hydrocarbon saturation changes whereas the s-wave velocity will change relatively little (there is a slight density effect). Therefore, if we look at the Vp/Vs ratio of rocks we should be able to predict pore fill. • The frequency content of seismic data may be derived in a number of ways. One is visually, counting the number of cycles present in the data in a specific time interval. The other main method involves the Fourier transform
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